“Co-creation is about people that are a part of tribes connecting across tribes and creating something they couldn’t on their own, Olsson explains. “It’s about having a process where one plus one becomes four.”

It is a truism of systems theory that the larger an organism, the greater the division of labour and the level of specialization of its constitutive, mutually co-dependent parts. What Marxists pejoratively call ‘alienation’ represents a separation constitutive of modern existence. It is not simply a political consequence of an unjust system but a more or less unavoidable feature of complex organization.

Following from this, Gorz’s unorthodox conclusion was that the standard Marxist utopia of work, whereby functional work and personal activity – other-determined and self-determined work – could be made to coincide if only the means of production were collectivized, “is ontologically unrealizable on the scale of large systems.” Intimacy and immediacy are not to be found in large-scale structures, which many functions of production, distribution and coordination in globalized modernity inevitably are.

Source: http://novaramedia.com/2017/08/08/6-things-andre-gorz-can-teach-us-about-building-a-post-work-society/

As far as Apple goes, it was a different company every few years from the time I joined in 1984. There was Steve [Jobs] — an elemental force — and then there was no Steve. There was John [Sculley]. He was pretty good, but the company grew so fast and started getting very dysfunctional. And then on downhill.
One way to think of all of these organizations is to realize that if they require a charismatic leader who will shoot people in the knees when needed, then the corporate organization and process is a failure. It means no group can come up with a good decision and make it stick just because it is a good idea. All the companies I’ve worked for have this deep problem of devolving to something like the hunting and gathering cultures of 100,000 years ago. If businesses could find a way to invent “agriculture” we could put the world back together and all would prosper.